Treaty

Convention establishing the Square Kilometre Array Observatory

PartiesParties with a link have a reservation.

Party Signature RatificationS=Signature without reservation or requirement of ratification R=Ratification, Acceptance, Approval or Notification A=Accession Su=Succession NK=Not Known Entry into force Renunciation Termination
Australia 12-03-2019 28-09-2020 (R) 15-01-2021
Canada 15-03-2024 (A) 14-04-2024
China 12-03-2019 27-05-2021 (R) 26-06-2021
Germany 02-10-2024 (A) 01-11-2024
India 28-03-2024 04-06-2024 (R) 04-07-2024
Italy 12-03-2019 30-11-2020 (R) 15-01-2021
Netherlands, the Kingdom of the 12-03-2019 31-07-2019 (R) 15-01-2021
Portugal 12-03-2019 26-01-2021 (R) 25-02-2021
South Africa 12-03-2019 29-05-2020 (R) 15-01-2021
Spain 29-07-2024 (A) 28-08-2024
Sweden 21-01-2025 09-07-2025 (R) 08-08-2025
Switzerland 20-12-2021 (A) 19-01-2022
United Kingdom 12-03-2019 16-12-2020 (R) 15-01-2021

Parties with reservations, declarations and objections

Party Reservations / Declarations Objections
Canada Yes No
Spain Yes No
Switzerland Yes No

Canada

15-03-2024

…to inform the FCDO...with regard to Annex A (Protocol on Privileges and Immunities) of the Convention, of Canada's decision to exercise the option to not extend the privileges and immunities referred to in in Article 7, paragraph 1 (b), (c), (e), (f) and (g), and Article 8, paragraph 1 (c), of that Annex to its own nationals or permanent residents as provided for in Article 7, paragraph 2, and Article 8, paragraph 3, of that Annex.

Spain

01-01-0001

Under Article 6.2 “The Council may decide, by unanimous vote, to admit new Members into the SKAO in accordance with this Convention and on such terms as it determines.” In accordance with the terms of Spain’s admission, its PA of the Convention took effect from 30 June 2023.


01-01-0001

Declarations made upon accession [translations]
The Kingdom of Spain considers that in Article 2(d) of Annex A of the Convention, the expression "a member of its staff" includes both SKAO staff and the Director General.
The Kingdom of Spain considers that the inviolability of the SKAO premises, as provided for in Article 3.1 of Annex A of the Convention, shall be enforced in accordance with the legislation applicable in the State in which said premises are located.
The Kingdom of Spain declares that the exempt income provided for in Article 7.1(e) of Annex A of the Convention will be taken into account in calculating their personnel's income tax applicable to the rest of the income obtained - exemption with progressivity -, as well as in determining the taxpayer's obligation to declare.

Switzerland

20-12-2021

Switzerland declares that it will use the option not to extend the privileges and immunities to its own nationals or permanent residents as provided for in Article 7 paragraph 2 and Article 8 paragraph 3 of Annex A “Protocol on Privileges and Immunities of the Square Kilometre Array Observatory” of the Convention.

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