Treaty

Patent Cooperation Treaty

PartiesParties with a link have a reservation.

Party Signature RatificationS=Signature without reservation or requirement of ratification R=Ratification, Acceptance, Approval or Notification A=Accession Su=Succession NK=Not Known Entry into force Renunciation Termination
Albania 04-07-1995 (A) 04-10-1995
Algeria 19-06-1970 08-12-1999 (R) 08-03-2000
Angola 27-09-2007 (A) 27-12-2007
Antigua and Barbuda 17-12-1999 (A) 17-03-2000
Argentina 21-12-1970
Armenia 17-05-1994 (Su) 25-12-1991
Australia 31-12-1979 (A) 31-03-1980
Austria 22-12-1970 23-01-1979 (R) 23-04-1979
Azerbaijan 25-09-1995 (A) 25-12-1995
Bahrain 18-12-2006 (A) 18-03-2007
Barbados 12-12-1984 (A) 12-03-1985
Belarus 14-04-1993 (Su) 25-12-1991
Belgium 30-12-1970 14-09-1981 (R) 14-12-1981
Belize 17-03-2000 (A) 17-06-2000
Benin 26-11-1986 (A) 26-02-1987
Bosnia and Herzegovina 07-06-1996 (A) 07-09-1996
Botswana 29-07-2003 (A) 30-10-2003
Brazil 19-06-1970 09-01-1978 (R) 09-04-1978
Brunei 24-04-2012 (A) 24-07-2012
Bulgaria 21-02-1984 (A) 21-05-1984
Burkina Faso 21-12-1988 (A) 21-03-1989
Cabo Verde 06-04-2022 (A) 06-07-2022
Cambodia 08-09-2016 (A) 08-12-2016
Cameroon 15-03-1973 (A) 24-01-1978
Canada 19-06-1970 02-10-1989 (R) 02-01-1990
Central African Republic 15-09-1971 (A) 24-01-1978
Chad 12-02-1974 (A) 24-01-1978
Chile 02-03-2009 (A) 02-06-2009
China 01-10-1993 (A) 01-01-1994
Colombia 29-11-2000 (A) 28-02-2001
Comoros 03-01-2005 (A) 03-04-2005
Costa Rica 03-05-1999 (A) 03-08-1999
Côte d'Ivoire 03-12-1970 31-01-1991 (R) 30-04-1991
Croatia 01-04-1998 (A) 01-07-1998
Cuba 16-04-1996 (A) 16-07-1996
Cyprus 01-01-1998 (A) 01-04-1998
Czech Republic 18-12-1992 (Su) 01-01-1993
Czechoslovakia (<01-01-1993) 20-03-1991 (A) 20-06-1991
Democratic People's Republic of Korea 08-04-1980 (A) 08-07-1980
Denmark 19-06-1970 01-09-1978 (R) 01-12-1978
Djibouti 23-06-2016 (A) 23-09-2016
Dominica 07-05-1999 (A) 07-08-1999
Dominican Republic 28-02-2007 (A) 28-05-2007
Ecuador 07-02-2001 (A) 07-05-2001
Egypt 19-06-1970 06-06-2003 (R) 06-09-2003
El Salvador 17-05-2006 (A) 17-08-2006
Equatorial Guinea 17-04-2001 (A) 17-07-2001
Estonia 24-05-1994 (A) 24-08-1994
Eswatini 20-06-1994 (A) 20-09-1994
Finland 19-06-1970 01-07-1980 (R) 01-10-1980
France 31-12-1970 25-11-1977 (R) 25-02-1978
Gabon 06-03-1975 (A) 24-01-1978
Gambia, The 09-09-1997 (A) 09-12-1997
Georgia 18-01-1994 (Su) 25-12-1991
Germany 19-06-1970 19-07-1976 (R) 24-01-1978
Ghana 26-11-1996 (A) 26-02-1997
Greece 09-07-1990 (A) 09-10-1990
Grenada 22-06-1998 (A) 22-09-1998
Guatemala 14-07-2006 (A) 14-10-2006
Guinea 27-02-1991 (A) 27-05-1991
Guinea-Bissau 12-09-1997 (A) 12-12-1997
Holy See 19-06-1970
Honduras 20-03-2006 (A) 20-06-2006
Hungary 19-06-1970 27-03-1980 (R) 27-06-1980
Iceland 23-12-1994 (A) 23-03-1995
India 07-09-1998 (A) 07-12-1998
Indonesia 05-06-1997 (A) 05-09-1997
Iran 07-07-1970 04-07-2013 (R) 04-10-2013
Iraq 31-01-2022 (A) 30-04-2022
Ireland 19-06-1970 01-05-1992 (R) 01-08-1992
Israel 19-06-1970 01-03-1996 (R) 01-06-1996
Italy 19-06-1970 28-12-1984 (R) 28-03-1985
Jamaica 10-11-2021 (A) 10-02-2022
Japan 19-06-1970 01-07-1978 (R) 01-10-1978
Jordan 09-03-2017 (A) 09-06-2017
Kazakhstan 16-02-1993 (Su) 25-12-1991
Kenya 08-03-1994 (A) 08-06-1994
Kuwait 09-06-2016 (A) 09-09-2016
Kyrgyzstan 14-02-1994 (Su) 25-12-1991
Laos 14-03-2006 (A) 14-06-2006
Latvia 07-06-1993 (A) 07-09-1993
Lesotho 21-07-1995 (A) 21-10-1995
Liberia 27-05-1994 (A) 27-08-1994
Libya 15-06-2005 (A) 15-09-2005
Liechtenstein 19-12-1979 (A) 19-03-1980
Lithuania 05-04-1994 (A) 05-07-1994
Luxembourg 30-12-1970 31-01-1978 (R) 30-04-1978
Madagascar 10-12-1970 27-03-1972 (R) 24-01-1978
Malawi 16-05-1972 (A) 24-01-1978
Malaysia 16-05-2006 (A) 16-08-2006
Mali 19-07-1984 (A) 19-10-1984
Malta 01-12-2006 (A) 01-03-2007
Mauritania 13-01-1983 (A) 13-04-1983
Mauritius 15-12-2022 (A) 15-03-2023
Mexico 01-10-1994 (A) 01-01-1995
Moldova 14-02-1994 (Su) 25-12-1991
Monaco 31-12-1970 22-03-1979 (R) 22-06-1979
Mongolia 27-02-1991 (A) 27-05-1991
Montenegro 04-12-2006 (Su) 03-06-2006
Morocco 08-07-1999 (A) 08-10-1999
Mozambique 18-02-2000 (A) 18-05-2000
Namibia 01-10-2003 (A) 01-01-2004
Netherlands, the Kingdom of the 31-12-1970 10-04-1979 (R) 10-07-1979
New Zealand 01-09-1992 (A) 01-12-1992
Nicaragua 06-12-2002 (A) 06-03-2003
Niger 21-12-1992 (A) 21-03-1993
Nigeria 08-02-2005 (A) 08-05-2005
North Macedonia 10-05-1995 (A) 10-08-1995
Norway 19-06-1970 01-10-1979 (R) 01-01-1980
Oman 26-07-2001 (A) 26-10-2001
Panama 07-06-2012 (A) 07-09-2012
Papua New Guinea 14-03-2003 (A) 14-06-2003
Peru 06-03-2009 (A) 06-06-2009
Philippines 19-06-1970 17-05-2001 (R) 17-08-2001
Poland 25-09-1990 (A) 25-12-1990
Portugal 24-08-1992 (A) 24-11-1992
Qatar 03-05-2011 (A) 03-08-2011
Republic of Korea, the 10-05-1984 (A) 10-08-1984
Republic of the Congo 08-08-1977 (A) 24-01-1978
Romania 28-12-1970 23-04-1979 (R) 23-07-1979
Russian Federation 23-12-1970 29-12-1977 (R) 29-03-1978
Rwanda 31-05-2011 (A) 31-08-2011
Saint Kitts and Nevis 27-07-2005 (A) 27-10-2005
Saint Lucia 30-05-1996 (A) 30-08-1996
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 06-05-2002 (A) 06-08-2002
Samoa 02-10-2019 (A) 02-01-2020
San Marino 14-09-2004 (A) 14-12-2004
São Tomé e Principe 03-04-2008 (A) 03-07-2008
Saudi Arabia 03-05-2013 (A) 03-08-2013
Senegal 29-12-1970 08-03-1972 (R) 24-01-1978
Serbia 19-06-1970 01-11-1996 (R) 01-02-1997
Seychelles 07-08-2002 (A) 07-11-2002
Sierra Leone 17-03-1997 (A) 17-06-1997
Singapore 23-11-1994 (A) 23-02-1995
Slovakia 30-12-1992 (Su) 01-01-1993
Slovenia 01-12-1993 (A) 01-03-1994
South Africa 16-12-1998 (A) 16-03-1999
Spain 16-08-1989 (A) 16-11-1989
Sri Lanka 26-11-1981 (A) 26-02-1982
Sudan 16-01-1984 (A) 16-04-1984
Sweden 19-06-1970 17-02-1978 (R) 17-05-1978
Switzerland 19-06-1970 14-09-1977 (R) 24-01-1978
Syria 29-12-1970 26-03-2003 (R) 26-06-2003
Tajikistan 14-02-1994 (Su) 25-12-1991
Tanzania 14-06-1999 (A) 14-09-1999
Thailand 24-09-2009 (A) 24-12-2009
Togo 23-12-1970 28-01-1975 (R) 24-01-1978
Trinidad and Tobago 10-12-1993 (A) 10-03-1994
Tunisia 10-09-2001 (A) 10-12-2001
Türkiye 01-10-1995 (A) 01-01-1996
Turkmenistan 01-03-1995 (Su) 25-12-1991
Uganda 09-11-1994 (A) 09-02-1995
Ukraine 21-09-1992 (Su) 25-12-1991
United Arab Emirates 10-12-1998 (A) 10-03-1999
United Kingdom 19-06-1970 24-10-1977 (R) 24-01-1978
United States of America 19-06-1970 26-11-1975 (R) 24-01-1978
Uruguay 07-10-2024 (A) 07-01-2025
Uzbekistan 18-08-1993 (Su) 25-12-1991
Vietnam 10-12-1992 (A) 10-03-1993
Yugoslavia (< 25-06-1991) 19-06-1970
Zambia 15-08-2001 (A) 15-11-2001
Zimbabwe 11-03-1997 (A) 11-06-1997

Extensions

China

Extended to Entry into force Termination
Hong Kong SAR 01-07-1997

France

Extended to Entry into force Termination
French Guiana 25-02-1978
French Polynesia 25-02-1978
French Southern and Antarctic Territories 25-02-1978
Guadeloupe 25-02-1978
Martinique 25-02-1978
Mayotte 25-02-1978
New Caledonia 25-02-1978
Réunion 25-02-1978
Saint Barthélemy 25-02-1978
Saint Martin 25-02-1978
Saint Pierre and Miquelon 25-02-1978
Wallis and Futuna 25-02-1978

United Kingdom

Extended to Entry into force Termination
Gibraltar 01-01-2021
Guernsey 23-03-2021
Hong Kong (< 01-07-1997) 15-04-1981 01-07-1997
Man, Isle of 29-10-1983

United States of America

Extended to Entry into force Termination
American Samoa 24-01-1978
Baker Island 24-01-1978
Guam 24-01-1978
Howland Island 24-01-1978
Jarvis Island 24-01-1978
Johnston Atoll 24-01-1978
Kingman Reef 24-01-1978
Midway Atoll 24-01-1978
Navassa Island 24-01-1978
Northern Mariana Islands 24-01-1978
Palmyra Atoll 24-01-1978
Panama Canal Zone (< 01-10-1979) 24-01-1978 31-12-1999
Puerto Rico 24-01-1978
Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands (< 22-12-1990) 24-01-1978 22-12-1990
US Virgin Islands 24-01-1978
Wake Island 24-01-1978

Parties with reservations, declarations and objections

Party Reservations / Declarations Objections
Algeria Yes No
Armenia Yes No
Bahrain Yes No
Belarus Yes No
Cambodia Yes No
Chile Yes No
Cuba Yes No
Finland Yes No
France Yes No
Georgia Yes No
Hungary Yes No
India Yes No
Indonesia Yes No
Iran Yes No
Kazakhstan Yes No
Kyrgyzstan Yes No
Laos Yes No
Malaysia Yes No
Malta Yes No
Moldova Yes No
Mozambique Yes No
Netherlands, the Kingdom of the Yes No
Norway Yes No
Oman Yes No
Poland Yes No
Qatar Yes No
Romania Yes No
Russian Federation Yes No
Saint Lucia Yes No
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Yes No
Samoa Yes No
South Africa Yes No
Sweden Yes No
Tajikistan Yes No
Thailand Yes No
Tunisia Yes No
Turkmenistan Yes No
Ukraine Yes No
United States of America Yes No
Uruguay Yes No
Uzbekistan Yes No

Algeria

08-12-1999

With the declaration provided for in Article 64(5).
(formulering door depositaris)

Armenia

17-05-1994

With the declaration provided for in Article 64(5).
(formulering door depositaris)

Bahrain

18-12-2006

With the declaration provided for in Article 64(5).
(formulering door depositaris)

Belarus

14-04-1993

With the declaration provided for in Article 64(5).
(formulering door depositaris)

Cambodia

08-09-2016

[…] that, pursuant to Article 64(5) of the said Treaty, the Kingdom of Cambodia does not consider itself bound by Article 59 of the said Treaty.

Chile

02-03-2009

With the declaration provided for in Article 64(5).
(formulering door depositaris)

Cuba

16-04-1996

The Republic of Cuba deplores that, even after the adoption by the General Assembly of the United Nations of Resolution 1514, of December 14, 1960, setting forth the Declaration on the Granting of Independence to Colonial Countries and Peoples, that proclaims the necessity of bringing to a speedy and unconditional end colonialism in all its forms and manifestations, a text of the nature such as that referred to in Article 62(3) of the Patent Cooperation Treaty, which concerns Article 24 of the Stockholm Act of the Paris Convention for the Protection of Industrial Property, had been adopted.
With the declaration provided for in Article 64(5).
(formulering door depositaris)

Finland

01-07-1980

With the declaration provided for in Article 64(2)(a)(ii).
(formulering door depositaris)

France

25-11-1977

With the declaration provided for in Article 64(5).
(formulering door depositaris)

Georgia

18-01-1994

With the declaration provided for in Article 64(5).
(formulering door depositaris)

Hungary

27-03-1980

With the declaration provided for in Article 64(5).
(formulering door depositaris)

India

07-09-1998

With the declaration provided for in Article 64(5).
(formulering door depositaris)

Indonesia

05-06-1997

With the declaration provided for in Article 64(5).
(formulering door depositaris)

Iran

04-07-2013

Pursuant to Article 64(5), the Islamic Republic of Iran does not consider itself bound by Article 59.

Kazakhstan

16-02-1993

With the declaration provided for in Article 64(5).
(formulering door depositaris)

Kyrgyzstan

14-02-1994

With the declaration provided for in Article 64(5).
(formulering door depositaris)

Laos

14-03-2006

With the declaration provided for in Article 64(5).
(formulering door depositaris)

Malaysia

16-05-2006

With the declaration provided for in Article 64(5).
(formulering door depositaris)

Malta

01-12-2006

With the declaration provided for in Article 64(5).
(formulering door depositaris)

Moldova

14-02-1994

With the declaration provided for in Article 64(5).
(formulering door depositaris)

Mozambique

18-02-2000

With the declaration provided for in Article 64(5).
(formulering door depositaris)

Netherlands, the Kingdom of the

10-04-1979

1. The Kingdom of the Netherlands is party to the Convention on the Grant of European Patents, concluded at Munich on 5 October 1973 ('the Convention'). Under Article 45 of the Patent Cooperation Treaty ('the Treaty'), an international application in which the Kingdom of the Netherlands is designated or elected may also be filed for the issue of a European patent. In its national law, the Kingdom has not exercised the option provided for under Article 45, paragraph 2, of the Treaty.
In this connection, the following should be noted. The national law governing patents in the Kingdom applies to the entire Kingdom, that is, to the Netherlands itself and to the Netherlands Antilles, and patents issued on the basis of an international application in which the Kingdom is designated and in which the applicant has not indicated, in accordance with Article 4 (1) (ii) of the Treaty, the desire to obtain a European patent, have legal consequences in the entire Kingdom.
However, pursuant to Article 168, the Convention does not apply to the Netherlands Antilles and thus applies only to the Netherlands itself. As a result, patents granted under the Convention, including European patents granted on the basis of an international application in which the Kingdom is designated and in which, in accordance with Article 4 (1) (ii) of the Treaty, the applicant has indicated a desire to obtain a European patent, have legal consequences only in the Netherlands and not in the Netherlands Antilles.
2. Article 10 of the Treaty and Rule 19.3 of the Implementing Regulations
The receiving office is the Netherlands Patent Office, Patentlaan 2, Rijswijk. Address: Postbus 5818, 2280 HV Rijswijk. Under article 151 of the Convention, the receiving office may also be the European Patent Office.
3. Article 16 of the Treaty and Rule 35.1 of the Implementing Regulations
With regard to searches in connection with international applications filed with the Netherlands Patent Office, the competent international searching authority under article 154 of the Convention is the European Patent Office.
4. Article 22 of the Treaty and Rule 49.1 of the Implementing Regulations; article 39 of the Treaty and Rule 76.1 of the Implementing Regulations
Under Article 22, or if applicable, Article 39 of the Treaty, a Dutch translation must be provided, for the Kingdom's benefit, of every international application that has been filed in a language other than Dutch.
The amount of the national fee referred to in Article 22, or if applicable, Article 39 of the Treaty is as follows:
- filing fee: NLG 240
- for each page of the description (including the claims) and the drawings: NLG 5
5. Article 32 of the Treaty and Rule 59.1 of the Implementing Regulations
For the preliminary international examination of international applications filed with the Netherlands Patent Office, the competent authority charged with the preliminary international examination under Article 155 of the Convention is the European Patent Office.
6. Rule 72.1 of the Implementing Regulations
Any report of an international preliminary examination drawn up in a language other than German, English or French must be translated into German, English or French.


23-06-2011

1. The Kingdom of the Netherlands is party to the Convention on the Grant of European Patents, concluded at Munich on 5 October 1973 ('the Convention'). Under Article 45 of the Patent Cooperation Treaty ('the Treaty'), an international application in which the Kingdom of the Netherlands is designated or elected may also be filed for the issue of a European patent. In its national law, the Kingdom has not exercised the option provided for under Article 45, paragraph 2, of the Treaty.
In this connection, the following should be noted. The national law governing patents in the Kingdom applies to the entire Kingdom, that is, to the European part of the Netherlands as well as to Aruba, Curaçao, Sint Maarten and the Caribbean part of the Netherlands (the islands of Bonaire, Sint Eustatius and Saba), and patents issued on the basis of an international application in which the Kingdom is designated and in which the applicant has not indicated, in accordance with Article 4 (1) (ii) of the Treaty, the desire to obtain a European patent, have legal consequences in the entire Kingdom.
However, pursuant to Article 168, the Convention does not apply to Aruba and thus applies only to the European part of the Netherlands, Curaçao, Sint Maarten and the Caribbean part of the Netherlands (the islands of Bonaire, Sint Eustatius and Saba). As a result, patents granted under the Convention, including European patents granted on the basis of an international application in which the Kingdom is designated and in which, in accordance with Article 4 (1) (ii) of the Treaty, the applicant has indicated a desire to obtain a European patent, have legal consequences in all parts of the Kingdom of the Netherlands with the exception of Aruba.
2. Article 10 of the Treaty and Rule 19.3 of the Implementing Regulations
The receiving office for the European and Caribbean part of the Netherlands is the Octrooiraad (Netherlands Patent Office), Patentlaan 2, Rijswijk. Address: Postbus 5818, 2280 HV Rijswijk. Under article 151 of the Convention, the receiving office may also be the European Patent Office.
The receiving office for Curaçao and Sint Maarten is the Bureau Intellectuele Eigendom [BIE] (Bureau for Intellectual Property), Berg Carmelweg 10-A, Willemstad, Curaçao.
The receiving office for Aruba is the Bureau of Intellectual Property of Aruba, A. Laclé Boulevard 3, Oranjestad, Aruba.
3. Article 16 of the Treaty and Rule 35.1 of the Implementing Regulations
With regard to searches in connection with international applications filed with the Netherlands Patent Office, the competent international searching authority under article 154 of the Convention is the European Patent Office.
4. Article 22 of the Treaty and Rule 49.1 of the Implementing Regulations; article 39 of the Treaty and Rule 76.1 of the Implementing Regulations
Under Article 22, or if applicable, Article 39 of the Treaty, a Dutch translation must be provided, for the Kingdom's benefit, of every international application that has been filed in a language other than Dutch.
5. Article 32 of the Treaty and Rule 59.1 of the Implementing Regulations
For the preliminary international examination of international applications filed with the Netherlands Patent Office, the competent authority charged with the preliminary international examination under Article 155 of the Convention is the European Patent Office.
6. Rule 72.1 of the Implementing Regulations
Any report of an international preliminary examination drawn up in a language other than German, English or French must be translated into German, English or French.

Norway

01-10-1979

With the declaration provided for in Article 64(2)(a)(ii)
(formulering door depositaris)

Oman

26-07-2001

With the declaration provided for in Article 64(5).
(formulering door depositaris)

Poland

25-09-1990

With the declaration provided for in Article 64(2)(a)(ii).
(formulering door depositaris)

Qatar

03-05-2011

With the declaration provided for in Article 64(5).
(formulering door depositaris)

Romania

23-04-1979

With the declaration provided for in Article 64(5).
(formulering door depositaris)

Russian Federation

29-12-1977

With the declaration provided for in Article 64(5).
(formulering door depositaris)

Saint Lucia

30-05-1996

With the declaration provided for in Article 64(5).
(formulering door depositaris)

Saint Vincent and the Grenadines

06-05-2002

With the declaration provided for in Article 64(5).
(formulering door depositaris)

Samoa

02-10-2019

[…] pursuant to Article 64(5) of the Treaty, the Independent State of Samoa does not consider itself bound by Article 59 of the Treaty.

South Africa

16-12-1998

With the declaration provided for in Article 64(5).
(formulering door depositaris)

Sweden

17-02-1978

With the declaration provided for in Article 64(2)(a)(ii).
(formulering door depositaris)

Tajikistan

14-02-1994

With the declaration provided for in Article 64(5).
(formulering door depositaris)

Thailand

24-09-2009

With the declaration provided for in Article 64(5).
(formulering door depositaris)

Tunisia

10-09-2001

With the declaration provided for in Article 64(5).
(formulering door depositaris)

Turkmenistan

01-03-1995

With the declaration provided for in Article 64(5).
(formulering door depositaris)

Ukraine

21-09-1992

With the declaration provided for in Article 64(5).
(formulering door depositaris)

United States of America

26-11-1975

With the declarations provided for in Articles 64(3)(a) and 64(4)(a).
(formulering door depositaris)

Uruguay

07-10-2024

[...] that, pursuant Article 64(1)(a) of the Treaty, the Eastern Republic of Uruguay shall not be bound by the provisions of Chapter II.

Uzbekistan

18-08-1993

With the declaration provided for in Article 64(5).
(formulering door depositaris)

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