Verdrag

Wijziging van het Protocol van Montreal betreffende stoffen die de ozonlaag afbreken

PartijenPartijen met een link hebben een voorbehoud.

Partij Ondertekening RatificatieO=Ondertekening zonder voorbehoud of vereiste van ratificatie R=Bekrachtiging, aanvaarding, goedkeuring of kennisgeving T=Toetreding VG=Voortgezette gebondenheid NB=Niet bekend In werking Opzegging Buiten werking
Albanië 18-01-2019 (R) 18-04-2019
Andorra 23-01-2019 (R) 23-04-2019
Angola 16-11-2020 (R) 14-02-2021
Argentinië 22-11-2019 (R) 20-02-2020
Armenië 02-05-2019 (R) 31-07-2019
Australië 27-10-2017 (R) 01-01-2019
Bahama's 30-05-2023 (R) 28-08-2023
Bahrein 01-07-2024 (R) 29-09-2024
Bangladesh 08-06-2020 (R) 06-09-2020
Barbados 19-04-2018 (R) 01-01-2019
Belarus 03-11-2022 (R) 01-02-2023
België 04-06-2018 (R) 01-01-2019
Belize 03-10-2023 (R) 01-01-2024
Benin 19-03-2018 (R) 01-01-2019
Bhutan 27-09-2019 (R) 26-12-2019
Bolivia 09-10-2020 (R) 07-01-2021
Bosnië en Herzegovina 26-05-2021 (R) 24-08-2021
Botswana 19-09-2020 (R) 18-12-2020
Brazilië 19-10-2022 (R) 17-01-2023
Brunei 18-09-2025 (R) 17-12-2025
Bulgarije 01-05-2018 (R) 01-01-2019
Burkina Faso 26-07-2018 (R) 01-01-2019
Burundi 26-03-2021 (R) 24-06-2021
Cambodja 08-04-2021 (R) 07-07-2021
Canada 03-11-2017 (R) 01-01-2019
Centraal-Afrikaanse Republiek 15-10-2025 (R) 13-01-2026
Chili 19-09-2017 (R) 01-01-2019
China 17-06-2021 (R) 15-09-2021
Colombia 25-02-2021 (R) 26-05-2021
Comoren 16-11-2017 (R) 01-01-2019
Congo, Democratische Republiek 16-06-2022 (R) 14-09-2022
Cookeilanden 22-08-2019 (R) 20-11-2019
Costa Rica 23-05-2018 (R) 01-01-2019
Cyprus 22-07-2019 (R) 20-10-2019
Denemarken 06-12-2018 (R) 01-01-2019
Djibouti 08-03-2024 (R) 06-06-2024
Dominicaanse Republiek 14-04-2021 (R) 13-07-2021
Duitsland 14-11-2017 (R) 01-01-2019
Ecuador 22-01-2018 (R) 01-01-2019
Egypte 22-08-2023 (R) 20-11-2023
El Salvador 13-09-2021 (R) 12-12-2021
Eritrea 07-02-2023 (R) 08-05-2023
Estland 27-09-2018 (R) 01-01-2019
Eswatini 24-11-2020 (R) 22-02-2021
Ethiopië 05-07-2019 (R) 03-10-2019
EU (Europese Unie) 27-09-2018 (R) 01-01-2019
Fiji 16-06-2020 (R) 14-09-2020
Filipijnen 03-11-2022 (R) 01-02-2023
Finland 14-11-2017 (R) 01-01-2019
Frankrijk 29-03-2018 (R) 01-01-2019
Gabon 28-02-2018 (R) 01-01-2019
Gambia 05-05-2021 (R) 03-08-2021
Georgië 11-07-2023 (R) 09-10-2023
Ghana 02-08-2019 (R) 31-10-2019
Grenada 29-05-2018 (R) 01-01-2019
Griekenland 05-10-2018 (R) 01-01-2019
Guatemala 11-01-2024 (R) 10-04-2024
Guinee 05-12-2019 (R) 04-03-2020
Guinee-Bissau 22-10-2018 (R) 01-01-2019
Heilige Stoel 17-06-2020 (R) 15-09-2020
Honduras 28-01-2019 (R) 28-04-2019
Hongarije 14-09-2018 (R) 01-01-2019
Ierland 12-03-2018 (R) 01-01-2019
IJsland 25-01-2021 (R) 25-04-2021
India 27-09-2021 (R) 26-12-2021
Indonesië 14-12-2022 (R) 14-03-2023
Italië 25-05-2022 (R) 23-08-2022
Ivoorkust 29-11-2017 (R) 01-01-2019
Japan 18-12-2018 (R) 01-01-2019
Jordanië 16-10-2019 (R) 14-01-2020
Kaapverdië 28-10-2020 (R) 26-01-2021
Kameroen 24-08-2021 (R) 22-11-2021
Kenia 22-09-2023 (R) 21-12-2023
Kirgizië 08-09-2020 (R) 07-12-2020
Kiribati 26-10-2018 (R) 01-01-2019
Koeweit 04-11-2024 (R) 02-02-2025
Kroatië 06-12-2018 (R) 01-01-2019
Laos 16-11-2017 (R) 01-01-2019
Lesotho 07-10-2019 (R) 05-01-2020
Letland 17-08-2018 (R) 01-01-2019
Libanon 05-02-2020 (R) 05-05-2020
Liberia 12-07-2020 (R) 10-10-2020
Liechtenstein 16-09-2020 (R) 15-12-2020
Litouwen 24-07-2018 (R) 01-01-2019
Luxemburg 16-11-2017 (R) 01-01-2019
Malawi 21-11-2017 (R) 01-01-2019
Malediven 13-11-2017 (R) 01-01-2019
Maleisië 21-10-2020 (R) 19-01-2021
Marokko 22-04-2022 (R) 21-07-2022
Mauritanië 11-11-2025 (R) 09-02-2026
Mauritius 01-10-2019 (R) 30-12-2019
Mexico 25-09-2018 (R) 01-01-2019
Moldavië 22-09-2023 (R) 21-12-2023
Mongolië 27-07-2022 (R) 25-10-2022
Montenegro 23-04-2019 (R) 22-07-2019
Mozambique 16-01-2020 (R) 15-04-2020
Namibië 16-05-2019 (R) 14-08-2019
Nauru 03-11-2022 (R) 01-02-2023
Nederlanden, het Koninkrijk der 08-02-2018 (R) 01-01-2019
Nepal 06-08-2025 (R) 04-11-2025
Nicaragua 30-09-2020 (R) 29-12-2020
Nieuw-Zeeland 03-10-2019 (R) 01-01-2020
Niger 29-08-2018 (R) 01-01-2019
Nigeria 20-12-2018 (R) 01-01-2019
Niue 24-04-2018 (R) 01-01-2019
Noord-Korea 21-09-2017 (R) 01-01-2019
Noord-Macedonië 12-03-2020 (R) 10-06-2020
Noorwegen 06-09-2017 (R) 01-01-2019
Oman 08-11-2024 (R) 06-02-2025
Oostenrijk 27-09-2018 (R) 01-01-2019
Pakistan 22-10-2025 (R) 20-01-2026
Palau 29-08-2017 (R) 01-01-2019
Panama 28-09-2018 (R) 01-01-2019
Papoea-Nieuw-Guinea 12-11-2024 (R) 10-02-2025
Paraguay 01-11-2018 (R) 01-01-2019
Peru 07-08-2019 (R) 05-11-2019
Polen 07-01-2019 (R) 07-04-2019
Portugal 17-07-2018 (R) 01-01-2019
Roemenië 01-07-2020 (R) 29-09-2020
Russische Federatie 03-10-2020 (R) 01-01-2021
Rwanda 23-05-2017 (R) 01-01-2019
Saint Kitts en Nevis 29-08-2025 (R) 27-11-2025
Saint Lucia 02-11-2021 (R) 31-01-2022
Saint Vincent en de Grenadines 07-11-2022 (R) 05-02-2023
Salomonseilanden 23-05-2022 (R) 21-08-2022
Samoa 23-03-2018 (R) 01-01-2019
San Marino 20-10-2020 (R) 18-01-2021
Sao Tomé en Principe 04-10-2019 (R) 02-01-2020
Saudi-Arabië 10-09-2025 (R) 09-12-2025
Senegal 31-08-2018 (R) 01-01-2019
Servië 08-10-2021 (R) 06-01-2022
Seychellen 20-08-2019 (R) 18-11-2019
Sierra Leone 15-06-2020 (R) 13-09-2020
Singapore 01-06-2022 (R) 30-08-2022
Slovenië 07-12-2018 (R) 01-01-2019
Slowakije 16-11-2017 (R) 01-01-2019
Somalië 27-11-2019 (R) 25-02-2020
Spanje 09-06-2023 (R) 07-09-2023
Sri Lanka 28-09-2018 (R) 01-01-2019
Syrië 05-04-2021 (R) 04-07-2021
Tadzjikistan 29-06-2022 (R) 27-09-2022
Tanzania 25-03-2022 (R) 23-06-2022
Thailand 03-04-2024 (R) 02-07-2024
Togo 08-03-2018 (R) 01-01-2019
Tonga 17-09-2018 (R) 01-01-2019
Trinidad en Tobago 17-11-2017 (R) 01-01-2019
Tsjaad 26-03-2019 (R) 24-06-2019
Tsjechië 27-09-2018 (R) 01-01-2019
Tunesië 27-08-2021 (R) 25-11-2021
Turkije 10-11-2021 (R) 08-02-2022
Turkmenistan 31-08-2020 (R) 29-11-2020
Tuvalu 21-09-2017 (R) 01-01-2019
Uganda 21-06-2018 (R) 01-01-2019
Uruguay 12-09-2018 (R) 01-01-2019
Vanuatu 20-04-2018 (R) 01-01-2019
Venezuela 05-12-2022 (R) 05-03-2023
Verenigd Koninkrijk 14-11-2017 (R) 01-01-2019
Verenigde Arabische Emiraten 19-04-2024 (R) 18-07-2024
Verenigde Staten van Amerika 31-10-2022 (R) 29-01-2023
Vietnam 27-09-2019 (R) 26-12-2019
Zambia 15-03-2021 (R) 13-06-2021
Zimbabwe 18-10-2022 (R) 16-01-2023
Zuid-Afrika 01-08-2019 (R) 30-10-2019
Zuid-Korea 19-01-2023 (R) 19-04-2023
Zweden 17-11-2017 (R) 01-01-2019
Zwitserland 07-11-2018 (R) 01-01-2019

Uitbreiding

Verenigd Koninkrijk

Uitgebreid tot In werking Buiten werking
Gibraltar 18-10-2019
Man 25-02-2021

Partijen met voorbehouden, verklaringen en bezwaren

Partij Voorbehoud / verklaring Bezwaren
China Ja Nee
Denemarken Ja Nee
EU (Europese Unie) Ja Nee
Heilige Stoel Ja Nee
Nieuw-Zeeland Ja Nee
Turkije Ja Ja

China

17-06-2021

I. Article 5 of the Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer shall not apply to the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region and the Macao Special Administrative Region of the People’s Republic of China.
II. In accordance with the Basic Law of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People’s Republic of China and the Basic Law of the Macao Special Administrative Region of the People’s Republic of China, the Government of the People’s Republic of China decides that the abovementioned Amendment shall apply to the Macao Special Administrative Region of the People’s Republic of China, and unless otherwise notified by the Government of the People’s Republic of China, shall not apply to the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People’s Republic of China.

Denemarken

06-12-2018

Territorial exclusion in respect of Greenland

EU (Europese Unie)

27-09-2018

Declaration by the European Union in conformity with Article 13 (3) of the Vienna Convention for the protection of the ozone layer concerning the extent of its competence with respect to the matters covered by the Convention and by the Montreal Protocol on substances that deplete the ozone layer.
The following States are at present Members of the European Union: the Kingdom of Belgium, the Republic of Bulgaria, the Czech Republic, the Kingdom of Denmark, the Federal Republic of Germany, the Republic of Estonia, Ireland, the Hellenic Republic, the Kingdom of Spain, the French Republic, the Republic of Croatia, the Italian Republic, the Republic of Cyprus, the Republic of Latvia, the Republic of Lithuania, the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg, Hungary, the Republic of Malta, the Kingdom of the Netherlands, the Republic of Austria, the Republic of Poland, the Portuguese Republic, Romania, the Republic of Slovenia, the Slovak Republic, the Republic of Finland, the Kingdom of Sweden, the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.
In accordance with the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union, and in particular Article 192 (1) thereof, the Union has competence for entering into international agreements, and for implementing the obligations resulting therefrom, which contribute to the pursuit of the following objectives:
- preserving, protecting and improving the quality of the environment;
- protecting human health;
- prudent and rational utilisation of natural resources;
- promoting measures at international level to deal with regional or worldwide environmental problems, and in particular combating climate change.
The Union has exercised its competence in the area covered by the Vienna Convention and the Montreal Protocol by adopting legal instruments, in particular Regulation (EC) No 1005/2009 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 16 September 2009 on substances that deplete the ozone layer (recast) 1, replacing earlier legislation for the protection of the ozone layer, and of Regulation (EU) No 517/2014 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 16 April 2014 on fluorinated greenhouse gases and repealing Regulation (EC) No 842/2006 2. The Union is competent for the performance of those obligations from the Vienna Convention and the Montreal Protocol regarding which the provisions of Union legal instruments, in particular those mentioned above, establish common rules and if and insofar as such common rules are affected or altered in scope by provisions of the Vienna Convention or the Montreal Protocol or an act adopted in implementation thereof; otherwise the Union's competence continues to be shared between the Union and its Member States.
The exercise of competences by the European Union pursuant to the Treaties is, by its nature, subject to continuous development. The Union therefore reserves the right to adjust this Declaration.
In the field of research, as referred to by the Convention, the Union has competence to carry out activities, in particular to define and implement programmes; however, the exercise of that competence does not result in Member States being prevented from exercising theirs.
______________________
1 OJ L 286, 31.10.2009, p. 1.
2 OJ L 150, 20.5.2014, p. 195.

Heilige Stoel

17-06-2020

In ratifying the Kigali Amendment to the Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer, the Holy See desires to encourage the entire international community to be resolute in promoting authentic cooperation between politics, science, economics, and civil society. Such cooperation, as has been shown in the case of the international ozone regime, «can achieve important outcomes, which make it simultaneously possible to safeguard creation, to promote integral human development and to care for the common good, in a spirit of responsible solidarity and with profound positive repercussions for present and future generations» (Holy See's Declaration Attached to the Instrument of Accession to the Vienna Convention, the Montreal Protocol and its four Amendments, 9 April 2008). The international ozone regime has demonstrated that «we have the freedom needed to limit and direct technology; we can put it at the service of another type of progress, one which is healthier, more human, more social, more integral» (Pope Francis, Encyclical Letter Laudato Si’, 18 May 2015, n. 112).
In conformity with its own nature and with the particular character of Vatican City State, the Holy See, by means of the solemn act of ratification, intends to give its own support to the commitment of States to the correct and effective implementation of the ozone regime and to care for our common home. To this end, it wishes to acknowledge the fact that «the continued acceleration of changes affecting humanity and our planet, coupled today with a more intense pace of life and work, should constantly urge us to ask whether the goals of this progress are truly directed to the common good and to a sustainable and integral human development, or whether they cause harm to our world and to the quality of life of much of humanity, now and in the future» (Message of His Holiness Pope Francis to the XXXI Meeting of the Parties to the Montreal Protocol, 7 November 2019).

Nieuw-Zeeland

03-10-2019

[...] consistent with the constitutional status of Tokelau and taking into account the commitment of the Government of New Zealand to the development of self-government for Tokelau through an act of self-determination under the Charter of the United Nations, [the ratification by New Zealand of this Amendment] shall not extend to Tokelau unless and until a Declaration to this effect is lodged by the Government of New Zealand with the depositary on the basis of appropriate consultation with that Territory […]

Turkije

10-11-2021

Turkey’s ratification of [t]he Kigali Amendment (2016) … to the Montreal Protocol agreed by the Twenty-Eighth Meeting of the Parties should in no way be construed as implying any obligation on the part of Turkey to enter into any dealing with the countries that Turkey has no diplomatic relations within the framework of UN Environment Programme activities.

Bezwaar Cyprus, 05-10-2022

The Republic of Cyprus has examined the Declaration deposited by the Republic of Turkey on 10 November 2021, upon ratification of the Kigali Amendment to the Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer of 15 October 2016, and notes that such a declaration is not in conformity with the 1985 Vienna Convention for the Protection of the Ozone Layer and the 1987 Montreal Protocol.
By means of the submitted Declaration, Turkey purports to release itself of the obligation to cooperate with other States Parties within the framework of the Vienna Convention and the Montreal Protocol. ln the view of the Republic of Cyprus, this Declaration attempts to exclude or modify the legal effects of the said treaties, including in effect certain provisions thereof, in their application to Turkey, concerning cooperation between States Parties, which is one of the essential elements of and is explicitly envisaged in the aforementioned instruments.
ln light of the above, it is the position of the Republic of Cyprus that the Declaration submitted by the Republic of Turkey is an interpretative declaration tantamount to a reservation, contrary to both Article 18 of the 1985 Vienna Convention for the Protection of the Ozone Layer, and Article 18 of the 1987 Montreal Protocol, which explicitly prohibit reservations, and, in any event, is incompatible with the object and purpose of these treaties.
The Republic of Cyprus, therefore, rejects the aforesaid Declaration made by the Republic of Turkey and considers it to be null and void. The Objection of the Republic of Cyprus shall not preclude the entry into force of the Amendment to the Protocol, in its entirety, between the Republic of Cyprus and the Republic of Turkey.

Bezwaar Griekenland, 11-11-2022

The Government of the Hellenic Republic has examined the declaration made by the Republic of Türkiye upon ratification, on 10 November 2021, of the Amendment to the 1987 Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer, adopted in Kigali, on 15 October 2016.
The Republic of Türkiye thereby declares that its ratification of the Kigali Amendment to the Montreal Protocol ‘should in no way be construed as implying any obligation on the part of Turkey to enter into any dealing with the countries that Turkey has no diplomatic relations within the framework of UN Environment Program activities’.
In the view of the Government of the Hellenic Republic, this declaration in fact amounts to a reservation, as it unilaterally purports to release the Republic of Türkiye from its obligation to cooperate with other States Parties within the framework of the 1985 Vienna Convention for the Protection of the Ozone Layer and the 1987 Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer. It is noted in this regard that the obligations of cooperation enshrined therein, constitute one of the essential elements of these instruments, as already stressed in the preamble to the Convention, according to which measures to protect the ozone layer from modifications due to human activities require international co- operation and action.
The Government of the Hellenic Republic would like to recall that according to Article 18 of the 1985 Vienna Convention and the corresponding Article 18 of the 1987 Montreal Protocol reservations are prohibited.
In the light of the above, the Government of the Hellenic Republic considers that the aforementioned reservation of the Republic of Türkiye is inadmissible, as prohibited by Article 18 of the Vienna Convention and Article 18 of the 1987 Montreal Protocol and as incompatible with the object and purpose of these treaties.
For the above reasons, the Government of the Hellenic Republic objects to the declaration made by the Republic of Türkiye upon ratification of the Kigali Amendment. This objection shall not preclude the entry into force of the said Amendment to the Montreal Protocol, in its entirety, between the Hellenic Republic and the Republic of Türkiye.

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