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Verdrag

Enkelvoudig Verdrag inzake verdovende middelen, 1961, zoals gewijzigd door het Protocol tot wijziging van het Enkelvoudige Verdrag inzake verdovende middelen, 1961

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Partij Ondertekening RatificatieO=Ondertekening zonder voorbehoud of vereiste van ratificatie R=Bekrachtiging, aanvaarding, goedkeuring of kennisgeving T=Toetreding VG=Voortgezette gebondenheid NB=Niet bekend In werking Opzegging Buiten werking
Afghanistan 19-02-2015 (T) 21-03-2015
Albanië 14-08-2001 (T) 13-09-2001
Algerije 26-02-2003 (T) 28-03-2003
Andorra 13-02-2007 (T) 15-03-2007
Angola 26-10-2005 (T) 25-11-2005
Antigua en Barbuda 05-04-1993 (T) 05-05-1993
Argentinië 16-11-1973 (R) 08-08-1975
Armenië 13-09-1993 (T) 13-10-1993
Australië 22-11-1972 (R) 08-08-1975
Azerbeidzjan 11-01-1999 (T) 10-02-1999
Bahama's 23-11-1976 (T) 23-12-1976
Bahrein 07-02-1990 (T) 09-03-1990
Bangladesh 09-05-1980 (T) 08-06-1980
Barbados 21-06-1976 (T) 21-07-1976
Belarus 13-09-2001 (T) 13-10-2001
België 13-06-1984 (R) 13-07-1984
Belize 18-12-2001 (T) 17-01-2001
Benin 06-11-1973 (T) 08-08-1975
Bhutan 24-08-2005 (T) 23-09-2005
Bolivia 11-01-2013 (T) 10-02-2013
Bosnië en Herzegovina 01-09-1993 (VG) 06-03-1992
Botswana 27-12-1984 (T) 26-01-1985
Brazilië 16-05-1973 (R) 08-08-1975
Brunei 25-11-1987 (T) 25-12-1987
Bulgarije 18-07-1996 (T) 17-08-1996
Burkina Faso 02-06-1992 (T) 02-07-1992
Burundi 18-02-1993 (T) 20-03-1993
Cambodja 07-07-2005 (R) 06-08-2005
Canada 05-08-1976 (T) 04-09-1976
Centraal-Afrikaanse Republiek 15-10-2001 (T) 14-11-2001
Chili 19-12-1975 (R) 18-01-1976
China 23-08-1985 (T) 22-09-1985
Colombia 03-03-1975 (T) 08-08-1975
Comoren 01-03-2000 (T) 31-03-2000
Congo, Democratische Republiek 15-07-1976 (T) 14-08-1976
Congo, Republiek 03-03-2004 (R) 02-04-2004
Costa Rica 14-02-1973 (R) 08-08-1975
Cuba 14-12-1989 (T) 13-01-1990
Cyprus 30-11-1973 (R) 08-08-1975
Denemarken 18-04-1975 (R) 08-08-1975
Djibouti 22-02-2001 (T) 24-03-2001
Dominica 24-09-1993 (T) 24-10-1993
Dominicaanse Republiek 21-09-1993 (T) 21-10-1993
Duitsland 20-02-1975 (R) 08-08-1975
Ecuador 25-07-1973 (R) 08-08-1975
Egypte 14-01-1974 (R) 08-08-1975
El Salvador 26-02-1998 (R) 28-03-1998
Eritrea 30-01-2002 (T) 01-03-2002
Estland 05-07-1996 (T) 04-08-1996
Eswatini 18-10-1995 (T) 17-11-1995
Ethiopië 11-10-1994 (T) 10-11-1994
Fiji 21-11-1973 (T) 08-08-1975
Filipijnen 07-06-1974 (R) 08-08-1975
Finland 12-01-1973 (R) 08-08-1975
Frankrijk 04-09-1975 (R) 04-10-1975
Gabon 14-10-1981 (T) 13-11-1981
Gambia 23-04-1996 (T) 23-05-1996
Georgië 27-03-2000 (T) 26-04-2000
Ghana 10-04-1990 (T) 10-05-1990
Grenada 19-08-1998 (T) 18-09-1998
Griekenland 12-07-1985 (R) 11-08-1985
Guatemala 09-12-1975 (R) 08-01-1976
Guinee 27-12-1990 (T) 26-01-1991
Guinee-Bissau 27-10-1995 (T) 26-11-1995
Guyana 15-07-2002 (T) 14-08-2002
Haïti 29-01-1973 (R) 08-08-1975
Heilige Stoel 07-01-1976 (R) 06-02-1976
Honduras 08-08-1979 (T) 07-09-1979
Hongarije 12-11-1987 (T) 12-12-1987
Ierland 16-12-1980 (T) 15-01-1981
IJsland 18-12-1974 (T) 08-08-1975
India 14-12-1978 (T) 13-01-1979
Indonesië 03-09-1976 (R) 03-10-1976
Irak 25-09-1978 (T) 25-10-1978
Iran 18-12-2001 (R) 17-01-2002
Israël 01-02-1974 (R) 08-08-1975
Italië 14-04-1975 (R) 08-08-1975
Ivoorkust 28-02-1973 (R) 08-08-1975
Jamaica 06-10-1989 (T) 05-11-1989
Japan 27-09-1973 (R) 08-08-1975
Jemen 25-03-1996 (T) 24-04-1996
Joegoslavië (< 25-06-1991) 23-06-1978 (R) 23-07-1978
Jordanië 28-02-1973 (R) 08-08-1975
Kaapverdië 24-05-1990 (T) 23-06-1990
Kameroen 30-05-1974 (T) 08-08-1975
Kazachstan 29-04-1997 (T) 29-05-1997
Kenia 09-02-1973 (T) 08-08-1975
Kirgizië 07-10-1994 (T) 06-11-1994
Koeweit 07-11-1973 (T) 08-08-1975
Kroatië 26-07-1993 (VG) 08-10-1991
Laos 16-03-2009 (T) 15-04-2009
Lesotho 04-11-1974 (T) 08-08-1975
Letland 16-07-1993 (T) 15-08-1993
Libanon 05-03-1997 (R) 04-04-1997
Liberia 13-04-1987 (R) 13-05-1987
Libië 27-09-1978 (T) 27-10-1978
Liechtenstein 24-11-1999 (R) 24-12-1999
Litouwen 28-02-1994 (T) 30-03-1994
Luxemburg 13-10-1976 (R) 12-11-1976
Madagaskar 20-06-1974 (R) 08-08-1975
Malawi 04-10-1973 (T) 08-08-1975
Malediven 07-09-2000 (T) 07-10-2000
Maleisië 20-04-1978 (T) 20-05-1978
Mali 31-10-1995 (T) 30-11-1995
Malta 22-02-1990 (T) 24-03-1990
Marokko 19-03-2002 (R) 18-04-2002
Marshalleilanden 09-08-1991 (T) 08-09-1991
Mauritanië 24-10-1989 (T) 23-11-1989
Mauritius 12-12-1994 (T) 11-01-1995
Mexico 27-04-1977 (T) 27-05-1977
Micronesia 29-04-1991 (T) 29-05-1991
Moldavië 15-02-1995 (T) 17-03-1995
Monaco 30-12-1975 (R) 29-01-1976
Mongolië 06-05-1991 (T) 05-06-1991
Montenegro 23-10-2006 (VG) 03-06-2006
Mozambique 08-06-1998 (T) 08-07-1998
Myanmar 22-08-2003 (T) 21-09-2003
Namibië 31-03-1998 (T) 30-04-1998
Nederlanden, het Koninkrijk der 29-05-1987 (T) 28-06-1987
Nepal 29-06-1987 (T) 29-07-1987
Nicaragua 15-02-2005 (R) 17-03-2005
Nieuw-Zeeland 07-06-1990 (R) 07-07-1990
Niger 28-12-1973 (R) 08-08-1975
Nigeria 24-06-1981 (T) 24-07-1981
Noord-Korea 19-03-2007 (T) 18-04-2007
Noord-Macedonië 13-10-1993 (T) 12-11-1993
Noorwegen 12-11-1973 (R) 08-08-1975
Oekraïne 27-09-2001 (T) 27-10-2001
Oezbekistan 24-08-1995 (T) 23-09-1995
Oman 24-07-1987 (T) 23-08-1987
Oostenrijk 01-02-1978 (T) 03-03-1978
Pakistan 02-07-1999 (R) 01-08-1999
Palau 19-08-1998 (T) 18-09-1998
Palestina 29-12-2017 (T) 28-01-2018
Panama 19-10-1972 (R) 08-08-1975
Papoea-Nieuw-Guinea 28-10-1980 (T) 27-11-1980
Paraguay 20-06-1973 (R) 08-08-1975
Peru 12-09-1977 (R) 12-10-1977
Polen 09-06-1993 (T) 09-07-1993
Portugal 20-04-1979 (T) 20-05-1979
Qatar 03-10-1986 (T) 02-11-1986
Roemenië 14-01-1974 (T) 08-08-1975
Russische Federatie 03-06-1996 (T) 03-07-1996
Rwanda 15-07-1981 (T) 14-08-1981
Saint Kitts en Nevis 09-05-1994 (T) 08-06-1994
Saint Lucia 05-07-1991 (VG) 22-02-1979
Saint Vincent en de Grenadines 03-12-2001 (VG) 27-10-1979
Salomonseilanden 17-03-1982 (VG) 07-07-1978
San Marino 10-10-2000 (T) 09-11-2000
Sao Tomé en Principe 20-06-1996 (T) 20-07-1996
Saudi-Arabië 07-11-1997 (T) 07-12-1997
Senegal 25-03-1974 (R) 08-08-1975
Servië 12-03-2001 (VG) 27-04-1992
Seychellen 27-02-1992 (T) 28-03-1992
Sierra Leone 06-06-1994 (T) 06-07-1994
Singapore 09-07-1975 (T) 08-08-1975
Slovenië 06-07-1992 (VG) 25-06-1991
Slowakije 28-05-1993 (VG) 01-01-1993
Somalië 09-06-1988 (T) 09-07-1988
Spanje 04-01-1977 (R) 03-02-1977
Sri Lanka 29-06-1981 (T) 29-07-1981
Sudan 05-07-1994 (T) 04-08-1994
Suriname 29-03-1990 (T) 28-04-1990
Syrië 01-02-1974 (T) 08-08-1975
Tadzjikistan 26-03-1997 (T) 25-04-1997
Tanzania 25-03-1999 (T) 24-04-1999
Thailand 09-01-1975 (T) 08-08-1975
Togo 10-11-1976 (R) 10-12-1976
Tonga 05-09-1973 (T) 08-08-1975
Trinidad en Tobago 23-07-1979 (T) 22-08-1979
Tsjechië 30-12-1993 (VG) 01-01-1993
Tsjechoslowakije (<01-01-1993) 04-06-1991 (T) 04-07-1991
Tunesië 29-06-1976 (R) 29-07-1976
Turkije 20-07-2001 (R) 19-08-2001
Turkmenistan 21-02-1996 (T) 22-03-1996
Uganda 15-04-1988 (T) 15-05-1988
Uruguay 31-10-1975 (T) 30-11-1975
Venezuela 04-12-1985 (R) 03-01-1986
Verenigd Koninkrijk 20-06-1978 (R) 20-07-1978
Verenigde Arabische Emiraten 17-02-1988 (T) 18-03-1988
Verenigde Staten van Amerika 01-11-1972 (R) 08-08-1975
Vietnam 04-11-1997 (T) 04-12-1997
Zambia 13-05-1998 (T) 12-06-1998
Zimbabwe 30-07-1993 (T) 29-08-1993
Zuid-Afrika 16-12-1975 (R) 15-01-1976
Zuid-Korea 25-01-1973 (R) 08-08-1975
Zweden 05-12-1972 (R) 08-08-1975
Zwitserland 22-04-1996 (T) 22-05-1996

Uitbreiding

China

Uitgebreid tot In werking Buiten werking
Hongkong SAR 01-07-1997
Macau SAR 20-12-1999

Frankrijk

Uitgebreid tot In werking Buiten werking
Frans Guyana 04-10-1975
Frans-Polynesië 04-10-1975
Franse Zuidelijke en Zuidpoolgebieden 04-10-1975
Guadeloupe 04-10-1975
Martinique 04-10-1975
Mayotte 04-10-1975
Nieuw Caledonië 04-10-1975
Réunion 04-10-1975
Sint Pierre en Miquelon 04-10-1975
Wallis en Futuna 04-10-1975

Nieuw-Zeeland

Uitgebreid tot In werking Buiten werking
Niue 07-07-1990
Tokelau-eilanden 07-07-1990

Verenigd Koninkrijk

Uitgebreid tot In werking Buiten werking
Anguilla 20-07-1978
Antigua en Barbuda (< 01-11-1981) 20-07-1978 01-11-1981
Belize (< 21-09-1981) 20-07-1978 21-09-1981
Bermuda 20-06-1978
Britse Maagdeneilanden 20-07-1978
Brunei (< 01-01-1984) 20-07-1978 01-01-1984
Caymaneilanden 20-07-1978
Dominica (< 03-11-1978) 20-07-1978 03-11-1978
Falklandeilanden 20-07-1978
Gibraltar 20-07-1978
Guernsey 20-07-1978
Hongkong (< 01-07-1997) 20-07-1978 01-07-1997
Jersey 20-07-1978
Kiribati (< 12-07-1979) 20-07-1978 12-07-1979
Man 20-07-1978
Montserrat 20-07-1978
Saint Kitts en Nevis (< 19-11-1983) 20-07-1978 19-11-1983
Saint Lucia (< 22-02-1979) 20-07-1978 22-02-1979
Saint Vincent en de Grenadines (<27-10-1979) 20-07-1978 27-10-1979
Salomonseilanden (< 07-07-1978) 20-07-1978 07-07-1978
Sint-Helena, Ascension en Tristan da Cunha 20-07-1978
Turks- en Caicoseilanden 20-07-1978
Tuvalu (< 01-10-1978) 20-07-1978 01-10-1978

Partijen met voorbehouden, verklaringen en bezwaren

Partij Voorbehoud / verklaring Bezwaren
Andorra Ja Nee
Bahrein Ja Ja
Bolivia Ja Ja
China Ja Nee
Nepal Ja Nee
Saudi-Arabië Ja Nee
Verenigde Staten van Amerika Ja Nee
Vietnam Ja Nee

Andorra

13-02-2007

The Principality of Andorra does not consider itself bound by the provisions of paragraph 2 of article 48 which provide for a mandatory referral to the International Court of Justice of any dispute which cannot be resolved according to the terms of paragraph 1. The Government of Andorra takes the position that for any dispute to be referred to the International Court of Justice for decision the agreement of all the parties to the dispute shall be necessary in each individual case.

Bahrein

07-02-1990

Reservation:
With regard to article 48, paragraph 2:
The State of Bahrain does not recognise the compulsory jurisdiction of the International Court of Justice.

Bezwaar Israël, 14-05-1990

The Government of the State of Israel has noted that the instruments of accession of Bahrain … contain a declaration in respect of Israel.
In view of the Government of the State of Israel such declaration, which is explicitly of a political character, is incompatible with the purposes and objectives [of the Convention] and cannot in any way affect whatever obligations are binding upon Bahrain under general international law or under particular conventions.
The Government of the State of Israel will, in so far as concerns the substance of the matter, adopt towards the Government of Bahrain an attitude of complete reciprocity.
Subsequently, the Secretary-General received from the Government of Israel an objection, identical in essence, mutatis mutandis , with regard to a reservation made by Bahrain.

Bolivia

11-01-2013

The Plurinational State of Bolivia reserves the right to allow in its territory: traditional coca leaf chewing; the consumption and use of the coca leaf in its natural state for cultural and medicinal purposes, such as its use in infusions; and also the cultivation, trade and possession of the coca leaf to the extent necessary for these licit purposes.
At the same time, the Plurinational State of Bolivia will continue to take all necessary measures to control the cultivation of coca in order to prevent its abuse and the illicit production of the narcotic drugs which may be extracted from the leaf.

Bezwaar Verenigde Staten van Amerika, 03-07-2012

[...] the United States objects to the proposed reservation. The United States considers the Convention to be one of the cornerstones of international efforts to prevent the illicit production, manufacture, traffic in and abuse of drugs, while ensuring that licit drugs are available for medical and scientific purposes. The United States is concerned that Bolivia's reservation is likely to lead to a greater supply of available coca, and as a result, more cocaine will be available for the global cocaine market, further fueling narcotics trafficking and related criminal activities in Bolivia and the countries along the cocaine trafficking route.
The United States welcomes Bolivia's renewed commitment to continue to take all necessary legal measures to control the illicit cultivation of coca in order to prevent its abuse and the illicit production of the narcotic drugs which may be extracted from the leaf.
Should Bolivia's reservation be deemed to be permitted in accordance with Article 50, paragraph 3 of the Convention, this objection would not constitute an obstacle to the entry into force of the Convention between the United States and Bolivia, but the United States would not assume toward Bolivia any legal obligation under the Convention that is affected by the reservation.

Bezwaar Verenigd Koninkrijk, 14-12-2012

The United Kingdom acknowledges and respects the cultural importance of the coca leaf in Bolivia. The United Kingdom also understands that the Bolivian government considers it an integral part of Bolivian heritage and that the use of coca for traditional purposes has been established as a cultural right in the Constitution of the Plurinational State of Bolivia. The United Kingdom also welcomes the recent reductions in coca production in Bolivia, as outlined in the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime 2011 National Coca Monitoring Survey.
The United Kingdom is, however, concerned that the reservation could lead to increases in coca production and -crucially- the amount of coca diverted to the cocaine trade. As such, the reservation would weaken international law as it relates to the global effort to tackle the drugs trade and could weaken the international community's response to that trade. Therefore, the United Kingdom objects to the proposed reservation and requests that the Secretary-General inform States Parties to the Single Convention accordingly.

Bezwaar Zweden, 21-12-2012

The Government of Sweden fully recognizes the efforts of the Plurinational State of Bolivia to reduce the production and trade in illicit coca products. Sweden also understands the concerns that the Government of the Plurinational State of Bolivia has expressed concerning the United Nations' drug control conventions and the traditional coca leaf chewing.
The United Nations' drug control conventions are the corner stones of the international legal framework for the fight against drugs. An exemption for coca leaf chewing and the growing of coca plants for this purpose risks to undermine this system and to weaken the control over cocaine production. Furthermore, the ambition expressed in the convention is the successive prohibition also of traditional uses of drugs, the chewing of coca leaves being explicitly mentioned.
The Government of Sweden has serious concerns regarding the procedure followed by the Plurinational State of Bolivia with denunciation of the Convention followed by immediate re-accession with a reservation. While article 46 of the Convention provides that any Party may denounce the Convention, the denunciation should in no case be used by a State Party for the sole purpose of formulating reservations to the Convention after re-accession. Such practice would constitute a misuse of the procedure and would undermine the basis of international treaty law and the international legal framework for the fight against drugs.
For these reasons the Government of Sweden objects to the proposed reservation by the Plurinational State of Bolivia.

Bezwaar Italië, 28-12-2012

Italy praises the efforts by Bolivia to reduce the production and trade of illicit coca products.
Italy fully respects the cultural identity and traditions of Indigenous Populations, guaranteed by the United Nations Declaration on the rights of Indigenous Peoples. However, Italy believes that the dialogue aimed at further promoting the respect of Indigenous traditions should be fully coherent with and preserve the integrity of the Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs.
States that are a Party to the Single Convention undertake an obligation to limit the trade and use of narcotic drugs exclusively for medical and scientific purposes. States Parties also recognize that measures against abuse of narcotic drugs require coordinated and universal action. Schedule I to the Single Convention lists coca leaf as a narcotic drug.
Italy is therefore of the opinion that, in proposing reservations, States Parties should be guided by the object and purpose of the Single Convention. The Bolivian approach poses the risk of creating a precedent and may undermine the international anti-narcotics legal framework. This would send a negative signal, out of step with the actions undertaken so far in the fight against drug trafficking and drug use.
Moreover, the procedure applied by Bolivia - denunciation and rejoin with reservation of the 1961 Convention - is contrary to the principle of "good faith" under article 26 of the Vienna Convention on the Law of the Treaties, since it appears directed to avoid the limits established in article 49 and 50 of the Single Convention.
In light of these considerations, the Government of Italy hereby informs the Secretary-General in accordance with Article 50, paragraph 3 of the Single Convention, that it objects to the proposed reservation by Bolivia of the 1961 Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs and requests that the Secretary- General inform States Parties to the Single Convention accordingly.

Bezwaar Canada, 28-12-2012

[...] Canada objects to the reservation put forward by the Plurinational State of Bolivia. Canada has long held that the Convention forms the cornerstone of international efforts to prevent the illicit production, manufacture, trafficking and abuse of drugs, while ensuring that licit drugs are available for medical and scientific purposes. The Convention, along with the 1971 Convention on Psychotropic Substances and the 1988 United Nations Convention against Illicit Traffic in Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances are the key instruments in global efforts to address illicit drugs. Canada continues to be concerned that Bolivia's reservation would lead to a greater supply of coca leaf and consequent availability of cocaine.
Should Bolivia's reservation be deemed to be permitted in accordance with Article 50, paragraph 3 of the Convention, this objection would not constitute an obstacle to the entry into force of the Convention between Canada and the Plurinational State of Bolivia, but Canada would not assume toward Bolivia any legal obligations under the Convention that is affected by this reservation.

Bezwaar Russische Federatie, 03-01-2013

Pursuant to article 19 of the Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties of 1969, the Russian Federation objects to the reservation entered by the Plurinational State of Bolivia on 29 December 2011 to the Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs, 1961, as amended by the Protocol amending the Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs, 1961 (the Convention).
The Russian Federation considers the Convention one of the fundamental international legal instruments for the control of narcotics; undermining it, including in matters relating to the coca leaf, could have serious negative consequences in terms of the use of the coca leaf for illicit purposes, including the cultivation of coca bush, the production of cocaine and an increased volume of illicit trafficking of cocaine. This step will also establish a dangerous precedent that might be used by other States in order to establish in their territories more liberal drug control regimes than are provided for by the Convention, the Convention on Psychotropic Substances, 1971 and the United Nations Convention against Illicit Traffic in Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances, 1988.
The question of what reservations may be made to the provisions of the Convention concerning coca leaf chewing, and on what conditions, is strictly governed by the special rule set out in article 49. Pursuant to that article, the State's ability to permit temporarily the chewing of the coca leaf in its territory is clearly subject to a number of restrictions and additional obligations, the most important of which is that coca leaf chewing must be abolished within 25 years from the coming into force of the Convention. That period expired for the Plurinational State of Bolivia in 2001.
In view of the foregoing, the Russian Federation calls upon the Plurinational State of Bolivia to review its position and withdraw the aforementioned reservation.
The Russian Federation welcomes the commitment by the Plurinational State of Bolivia to take all necessary measures to continue to control the cultivation and trade of the coca leaf in order to avoid its diversion to illicit channels and the desire of the Plurinational State of Bolivia to continue being a party to the Convention.

Bezwaar Frankrijk, 03-01-2013

France is aware of the importance Bolivia attaches to the preservation of its ancestral traditions and practices and to the rights of indigenous peoples. It notes that it is within this context that Bolivia, by entering a reservation together with its instrument of accession to the Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs, purports to preserve in its territory the cultivation and chewing of the coca leaf in its natural state.
France welcomes the assurance offered by Bolivia that it will continue to take all necessary measures to prevent the illicit production of narcotic drugs.
Nevertheless, France objects to the general reservation entered by Bolivia, as it could undermine the overall balance of the Convention and, consequently, the response to global drug trafficking. The reservation creates a risk of increased coca leaf production and of illicit exploitation of such production through drug trafficking. Furthermore, the reservation is vague and in this case disregards the principle of legal certainty, which is essential to the stability of treaty relations.
Therefore, France recalls that it will not be bound in relation to Bolivia by the provisions that Bolivia purports to exclude from the scope of obligations imposed on the parties within the meaning of the Convention. It expresses the hope that Bolivia will apply a restrictive interpretation to the scope of the provisions it does not intend to implement. France does not, by means of this objection, purport to oppose Bolivia's becoming a party to the Convention, pursuant to article 50, paragraph 3, of the Convention, and it reaffirms the importance it attaches to Bolivia's continued engagement in action against narcotic drugs.

Bezwaar Duitsland, 04-01-2013

The Federal Republic of Germany expressly welcomes the essential willingness of the Plurinational State of Bolivia to accept the obligations deriving from the Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs of 1961, as amended by the Protocol thereto.
The Federal Republic of Germany has thoroughly and carefully reviewed the wording of the reservation submitted in accordance with Article 50, paragraph 3 of the Convention, as contained in the communication from the Plurinational State of Bolivia. The Federal Republic of Germany hereby objects to the reservation.
Should the reservation of the Plurinational State of Bolivia be deemed to be permitted in accordance with Article 50, paragraph 3 of the Convention, this objection should not constitute an obstacle to the entry into force of the Convention between the Federal Republic of Germany and the Plurinational State of Bolivia. The Federal Republic of Germany will not assume towards the Plurinational State of Bolivia any legal obligation under the Convention which is affected by the reservation.

Bezwaar Finland, 08-01-2013

The Plurinational State of Bolivia deposited its instrument of denunciation of the Convention on 29 June 2011 with effect as of 1 January 2012. On 29 December 2011, Bolivia informed the depositary of its intention to reacceed to the Convention subject to the authorisation of the reservation by the States Parties submitted in accordance with article 50, paragraph 3 of the Convention.
The Government of Finland has carefully examined this procedure and the reservation made by the Plurinational State of Bolivia and notes that it is in contradiction with the Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties and well-established customary international law to denounce a treaty and reacceed to it to be able to make it subject to a new reservation. The Government of Finland is, therefore, of the view that the procedure provided in article 50, paragraph 3, cannot be used for this purpose.
It is in the common interest of States that treaties to which they have chosen to become Parties are respected as to their object and purpose by all Parties, and that States are prepared to undertake any legislative changes necessary to comply with their obligations under the treaties.
The Government of Finland, therefore, objects to the reservation made by the Government of the Plurinational State of Bolivia. This objection does not preclude the entry into force of the Convention between the Plurinational State of Bolivia and Finland. The Convention will thus become operative between the two States without Bolivia benefitting from this reservation.

Bezwaar Portugal, 08-01-2013

The Plurinational State of Bolivia deposited its instrument of denunciation of the Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs, 1961, as amended by the Protocol amending the Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs, 1961, New York, 8 August 1975, with effect as of 1 January 2012.
On 29 December 2011, Bolivia informed the depositary of its intention to accede once again to the Convention, subject to the authorisation by the States Parties of a reservation, submitted in accordance with Article 50, paragraph 3 of the Convention.
The Government of the Portuguese Republic considers that the United Nations' drug control conventions are the corner stone of the international legal framework for the fight against drugs.
The Government of the Portuguese Republic recognizes the efforts of the Plurinational State of Bolivia to reduce the production and trade in illicit coca products and respects the cultural importance of the coca leaf in Bolivia as part of Bolivian heritage.
However, the Government of the Portuguese Republic has serious concerns regarding the procedure followed by the Plurinational State of Bolivia of denouncing the Convention followed by an immediate re-accession with a reservation, since the Government of the Portuguese Republic considers that submitting the said reservation is not possible since 13 of December 1989, in accordance with the Articles 49, paragraph 2 and 41, paragraph 1 of the Convention.
The Government of the Portuguese Republic therefore objects to the proposed aforesaid reservation made by the Government of the Plurinational State of Bolivia.
Should the reservation of the Plurinational State of Bolivia be deemed to be permitted in accordance with Article 50, paragraph 3 of the Convention, this objection shall not constitute an obstacle to the entry into force of the Convention between the Portuguese Republic and the Plurinational State of Bolivia.

Bezwaar Israël, 08-01-2013

Israel objects to the proposed reservation. There is a substantial danger that the reservation might lead to a greater supply of available coca and an increase of coca production and sales. As a result, the reservation might weaken the international efforts to prevent illicit production, traffic and abuse of drugs which constitute the cornerstone of the Convention.

Bezwaar Nederlanden, het Koninkrijk der, 08-01-2013

[...] has the honour to refer to the latter’s note verbale of 10 January 2012 (C.N.829.2011.TREATIES-28).
The Government of the Kingdom of the Netherlands has carefully considered the intention of the Plurinational State of Bolivia to re-accede with a reservation to the Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs, 1961, as amended.
The Government of the Kingdom of the Netherlands fully recognizes the efforts of the Plurinational State of Bolivia to reduce the production and trade in illicit coca products.
The Government of the Kingdom of the Netherlands would like to underline that States that are Party to the Single Convention undertake an obligation to limit the trade and use of narcotic drugs exclusively for medical and scientific purposes.
The Government of the Kingdom of the Netherlands is therefore of the opinion that, in proposing reservations, States Parties should be guided by the object and purpose of the Single Convention. The Bolivian approach poses the risk of creating a precedent and may undermine the international anti-narcotics legal framework.
The Government of the Kingdom of the Netherlands considers the procedure followed by the Plurinational State of Bolivia of denouncing the Single Convention as amended, followed by a reaccession with a reservation, as contrary to the rules of the law of treaties that prohibit the formulation of reservations after ratification. The procedure followed by the Plurinational State of Bolivia circumvents these well-established rules and the Government of the Kingdom of the Netherlands therefore objects to it.
This objection shall not preclude the entry into force of the Single Convention, as amended, between the Kingdom of the Netherlands and the Plurinational State of Bolivia.

Bezwaar Ierland, 09-01-2013

The Government of Ireland has examined the proposed reservation contained in the instrument of accession to the Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs 1961, as amended by the Protocol Amending the Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs, made by the Plurinational State of Bolivia on 28 December 2011.
The Government of Ireland welcomes Bolivia's renewed commitment to continue to take all necessary legal measures to control the illicit cultivation of coca in order to prevent its abuse and the illicit production of the narcotic drugs which may be extracted from the leaf.
The Government of Ireland is of the view, however, that this proposed reservation raises doubts as to the commitment of Bolivia to the object and purpose of the Single Convention, as amended, which is to limit the production, trade and use of narcotic drugs to medical and scientific use and which provides for international cooperation and control for the achievement of this object. The proposed reservation, on the contrary, seeks to limit the international obligations of Bolivia by reserving its right to allow for the continued cultivation, trade and possession of the coca leaf.
The Government of Ireland is concerned with regard to the procedure followed by the Government of Bolivia in that the denunciation of the Single Convention, succeeded by re-accession with a reservation, compromises the rules of the law of treaties that prohibit the formulation of reservations after a state has become party to a treaty and undermines international efforts to limit the production, trade and use of narcotic drugs.
The Government of Ireland therefore objects to the aforementioned reservation made by the Government of Bolivia to the Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs, as amended by the Protocol Amending the Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs.
The objection shall not preclude the entry into force of the Single Convention, as amended, between Ireland and Bolivia.

Bezwaar Mexico, 09-01-2013

The Government of Mexico, pursuant to the applicable domestic and international legislation and to the procedure indicated in article 50, paragraph 3 of the Convention, submits through the present note its objection to the reservation for the following reasons:
1. The Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs of 1961, is an instrument of universal scope, one of whose objectives is the protection of human health. Mexico is convinced that only by maintaining the integrity of the Convention will its objectives be met.
2. In the terms of the General Health Act of Mexico, coca leaf is considered a narcotic drug and its production is punishable under the Federal Criminal Code. Therefore, accepting the reservation would be contrary to Mexican law.
3. The Government of Mexico has harmonized its legislation and implemented public policies to tackle the drug problem, pursuant to the provisions of the three relevant international instruments on this matter.
However, despite its objection to the reservation in question, the Government of Mexico wishes to reiterate its respect for the human rights of indigenous peoples and for their customs and practices, a commitment it fully shares with the Government of the Plurinational State of Bolivia.

Bezwaar Japan, 10-01-2013

The Government of Japan has examined the reservation made by the Plurinational State of Bolivia and understands that Bolivia's contention is based on its custom and tradition. However the Government of Japan is of the view that the reservation seems to be incompatible with the object and purpose of the Convention to prevent the illicit production, manufacture and trafficking of cocaine. Therefore, the Government of Japan objects to the aforesaid reservation.
Should the aforesaid reservation be deemed to be permitted as provided under Article 50, paragraph 3 of the Convention, this objection shall not preclude the entry into force of the Convention between Japan and the Plurinational State of Bolivia. However, as also stipulated in the last sentence of the said paragraph, Japan would not assume towards the Plurinational State of Bolivia any legal obligation under the Convention which is affected by the reservation.
Be that as it may, the Government of Japan welcomes Bolivia's renewed commitment to continue to take all necessary legal measures to control the illicit cultivation of coca in order to prevent its abuse and the illicit production of the narcotic drugs which may be extracted from the leaf.

Bezwaar Roemenië, 14-01-2013

The Government of Romania, while not filing a formal objection to the reservation made by Bolivia to article 49 of the 1961 Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs, presents the following declaration:
The Government of Romania notes that Bolivia withdraw from the 1961 Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs (to which it did not have any reservations) followed within a very short period of time by a re-accession with a reservation.
The Government of Romania considers that the practice of withdrawing and re-acceding to a Convention with the sole purpose of presenting a reservation is inconsistent with the customary rule of international law according to which late reservations may not be allowed. At the same time, such actions may raise questions with respect to the stability of legal relations, as well as to the principle of pacta sunt servanda.

Bezwaar Mexico, 30-11-2018

[…] the Permanent Mission of Mexico to the United Nations wishes to inform, for any relevant purposes, that, having made a comprehensive assessment of the recent developments in multilateral discussions on the subject of drugs, the Government of Mexico has decided to withdraw the objection to the reservation made by the Plurinational State of Bolivia upon accession to the Convention, submitted by Mexico on 9 January 2013 and communicated in depositary notification C.N.85.2013.TREATIESVI.18 […]

Bezwaar Nederlanden, het Koninkrijk der, 14-07-2023

[...]
The Government of the Kingdom of the Netherlands has reconsidered its objection of 8 January 2013, communicated in depositary notification C.N.102.2013.TREATIES-VI.18 to the reservation of the Plurinational State of Bolivia to the Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs, 1961, as amended, contained in the communication of 10 January 2012 (C.N.829.2011.TREATIES-28).
While maintaining its position that the procedure followed by the Plurinational State of Bolivia of denouncing the Single Convention as amended, followed by a re-accession with a reservation, is contrary to the rules of the law of treaties, the Kingdom of the Netherlands has decided to withdraw its objection to the reservation made by the Plurinational State of Bolivia to the Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs, 1961, as amended.
The withdrawal of the objection by the Kingdom of the Netherlands is without prejudice to its position with respect to the potential review of the coca leaf by the World Health Organisation.
[...]

China

23-08-1985

The Chinese Government has reservation on paragraph 2, article 48 of the Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs of 1961 [as amended].



Nepal

29-06-1987

His Majesty's Government of Nepal in accordance with article 49 paragraph 1 of the said Convention hereby reserves the right to permit temporarily in its territory:

i. the quasi-medical use of opium;

ii. The use of cannabis, cannabis resin, extracts and tinctures of cannabis for non-medical purposes; and

iii. The production and manufacture of and trade in the drugs referred to under (i) and (ii) above.

Saudi-Arabië

07-11-1997

The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia will not be bound by article 48, paragraph 2, of the Convention.

Verenigde Staten van Amerika

29-03-2018

The United States Mission to the United Nations presents its compliments to the Executive Office of the Secretary-General of the United Nations and refers to the U.N. Secretary-General’s depositary notification C.N.812.2017.TREATIES-VI.18, dated January 3, 2018, regarding the purported accession of the ‘State of Palestine’ to the Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs, 1961, as amended by the Protocol amending the Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs, 1961, done at New York August 8, 1975 (the Convention), for which the Secretary-General of the United Nations is the depositary.
The Government of the United States of America does not believe the ‘State of Palestine’ qualifies as a sovereign State and does not recognize it as such. Accession to the Convention is limited to sovereign States. Therefore, the Government of the United States of America believes that the ‘State of Palestine’ is not qualified to accede to the Convention and affirms that it will not consider itself to be in a treaty relationship with the ‘State of Palestine’ under the Convention.

Vietnam

31-10-2022

[The Government of Viet Nam declares its reservation to] article 48, paragraph 2 on Dispute settlement of the Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs, 1961.

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